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1. I believe that you are concerned about animals and plants disappearing. 我相信你对动植物逐渐消亡很关心。（Pre-reading）
句中animals and plants disappearing是动名词的复合结构，作介词about的宾语。一般来说，动名词的逻辑主语要用物主代词或名词的所有格；但在口语中，如果这种结构作宾语，也可用宾格来代替。如：
Mary's coming late made her teacher Mr. Hopkins quite angry. （作主语，不能用Mary coming）
He insisted on his son's (his son) going on to college.
不过，动名词的逻辑主语在遇到以下情况时，必须用名词的宾格：
①无生命的名词
The boys were alarmed by the door suddenly shutting.
Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.
②有生命的名词但表示泛指意义
Have you ever heard of women playing football?
③两个以上的有生命的名词并列
Do you remember my brother and me coming to see you the other day?
2. Daisy hurried to get dressed and put on her jeans and sweater. 戴西急忙穿戴起来，她穿好牛仔裤和毛衣。（Reading）
句中get为系动词，后面加过去分词或形容词，表示从无到有的动态过程：而“be + 过去分词(形容词)”时表示静态，如：get ill患病，得病；be ill病了，病着； get married结婚； be married结了婚的，已婚的。类似的词组还有很多，如：get bored厌烦；get excited激动；get trapped被困住；get caught in遭遇到；get sunburnt晒黑；get injured受伤；get noticed被注意到。
3. She turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her. 她转过身来，看到一只羚羊在伤心地看着她。（Reading）
句中的with a sad face looking at her属于“with + 复合宾语”的结构，即“with + 宾语 + 宾补 （adj. / adv. / prep. doing / to do / done）”。注意： 此结构不是句子，它在句中作定语或状语（用作状语时多表原因或伴随的动作、状态）。所以此结构中一定不用谓语动词形式，而应用to do（表将来的动作），doing（表正在进行，主动关系） 或done （表完成，被动关系）。如：
The student always listens to the teacher with his eyes wide open.
She felt shy with the whole class looking at her.
With the old man to lead the way we're sure to get there in time.
The thief sat in the corner, with his hands tied to a chair.
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
With two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
4. They could tell this from the way the bones were joined together. 他们从它们（恐龙）的骨头连接方式上能够判断出这一点。（Using Language）
句中the bones were joined together是the way的定语从句，the way后接定语从句表示“做某事的方式”，经常不用关联词，其实是省略了关联词in which或that。如：
He doesn't speak the way (that) I do.
They didn't do it the way (that) we do it now. |
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