| 代词用法大看台 |
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作者：王安新 文章来源：本站原创
点击数： 更新时间：2008-12-3 16:01:06 |
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| 代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词和不定代词等。下面我们复习一下各类代词的语法功能。
1. 人称代词。在句子中作主语时用主格人称代词，作宾语、表语时用宾格人称代词。当句中同时有几个人称代词出现时，一般是按you, he / she, I的顺序排列。例如：
—Who is the boy over there?
—He is my brother.
2. 物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，前者相当于形容词，在句中只能充当定语；后者相当于名词，在句中通常作主语、宾语、表语。例如：
This is your coat. Mine is over there.
注意：名词性物主代词后面不能再加名词。
3. 反身代词。反身代词与其所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，反身代词应和它所指的相应的对象在人称和数上保持一致。反身代词在句子中多作宾语、表语、同位语等。例如：
They enjoyed themselves in the park.
4． 指示代词。主要有this, that, these, those，在句中通常作主语、宾语、表语或定语。例如：
This is my bike. That one is yours.
5． 疑问代词。主要有what, which, who, whom, whose，多用来引导特殊疑问句，在句中通常作主语、表语或宾语。例如：
What are you talking about?
6. 连接代词。连接代词可用于主语从句、表语从句或宾语从句，主要有 what, that, which, who, whom, whose等。例如：
What he said is wrong.
7. 关系代词。主要有which, that, whom, who, whose等，多用来引导定语从句，在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语或定语。使用关系代词时应注意：
(1) that, which, who在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但作主语时不能省略。例如：
Which is the coat (that) he bought yesterday?
(2) 关系代词that既可以指人，也可以指物。但which只能指物。如果先行词中既有人也有物，需用that来引导。例如：
We know nothing about the teachers and the school that you are talking about.
(3) 如果先行词为 all, everything, none等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that，不宜用which。例如：
I can do anything that I can do to help you.
(4) 关系代词that, which, who在定语从句中作主语时，其在人称和数上要同前面的先行词保持一致。例如：
The old man who is speaking at the meeting is my uncle.
8. 不定代词。英语中，不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，叫不定代词。主要有：some, any, no one, none, all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both, somebody, anybody, someone, anyone, something, anything。使用不定代词时应注意：
(1) 不定代词在句子中作主语时，要注意主谓一致。复合不定代词如something, somebody, anything, anybody等作主语时，谓语动词应为单数。both作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(2) 形容词或动词不定式修饰something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，要放在它们的后面。
(3) one和that的区别：one所指代的名词和前面所提到的名词只是同一类中的任何一个，不是指其中某一个。其复数形式是ones。that指代的也是同一类事物而不是同一个事物，但 that指代的是有定冠词的名词，表特指。that可以代替不可数名词。用that 来指代前面已出现的可数名词或不可数名词时，后面一定要接修饰语，且that只能指物。
【巩固精练】 单项填空。
1. There's a red car parking in our neighborhood.Do you know ________ it is?
A. what B. who C. whose D. whom
2. —What a lovely card! Where did you buy it?
—I made it by ________.
A. me B. himself C. myself D. itself
3. —Who is Lucy, do you know?
—Lucy? The girl ________ is wearing a yellow T-shirt.
A. which B. who
C. where D. that
4. This isn't ________ pencil-box. I left ________ at home.
A. my; mine B. me; my
C. I; me D. my; myself
5. —What's on TV tonight? Is there ______ interesting?
—I am afraid not.
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
参考答案：1—5 CCBAB |
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