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层层面面看比较
作者:杨时务 文章来源:北师大高一普及版 06-07下 第2期
点击数: 更新时间:2007-3-29 15:45:48
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一、比较级的基本用法

1. 由“as + 形容词或副词 + as”构成。

Sound doesn't travel as fast as light.

2. 由“as + 形容词 + 冠词 + 名词 + as”构成。

Jane is as clever a girl as Adele in the class.

3. 由“形容词或副词比较级 + than...”构成。

John behaves less politely than Henry does.

二、 最高级的基本用法

最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较,其结构形式为“定冠词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 表示范围的短语或从句”。

Football is the most popular sport in this country.

三、 有关比较级的特殊句型及应注意的问题

(一) 有关比较级的特殊句型

1. “比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more / less and less + 原级”结构表示“越来越……”的意思,与这类结构搭配的常用动词有grow, get, become等。

My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.

As I spoke to him he became less and less angry.

2. 当形容词的比较级后有of短语限定时,比较级前需加the。

He is the taller of the two children in our family.

3. “the + 比较级……,the + 比较级……”,表示“越……,越……”。

The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.

4. “否定 + 比较级”相当于最高级

I'm afraid her work couldn't be any better.

5. 倍数表示法: “...times as + 形容词原级 + as ...; ...times + 形容词比较级 + than...; ...times the + 性质名词 + of...”。

The library is three times as large as that one.

The library is three times larger than that one.

The library is three times the size of that one.

(二) 比较级应注意的问题

1. 比较级后有than时,比较级前不加the。

This computer is cheaper than that one.

2. 表示比较的两个对象必须属于同一类别,否则会引起歧义。为了避免重复,常用that, the one或those代替前面被比较的名词。

The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai in winter.

The boys in your class are more active than those in our class.

3. 当比较对象属于同一范围时,需使用other来排除自身,否则会造成与自身相比较的矛盾。

China is larger than any other country in Asia.

4. “no + 形容词的比较级 + than”结构表达对两者均否定。

This problem is no more important than that one.

5. 比较级前面可以用even, still, yet, any, much, rather, a little, a lot, by far等修饰语用以加强语气或表示比较程度。

Today it is even warmer than yesterday.

四、 最高级形式应注意的问题

1. 当most不表示最高级时(即无定冠词时),most

可以用来修饰形容词或副词,意思相当于very。

Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city in China.

2. 下列几类形容词不用比较级和最高级

表示状态作表语的有: afraid, asleep, alive, ashamed, alone, aware, alike;表示主次、等级的有: minor, superior, inferior, senior, junior; 含有绝对概念的有:absolute, perfect, excellent。

追踪练习:

1. Norway is one of ________ European countries with a larger land area than Britain, Iceland or Italy.

A. as big               B. the biggest

C. so big               D. the bigger

2. — Does Bill do this new job well?

   — ________ his old job. I'm afraid there's no hope for him.

A. No better than       B. Not better than

C. Not so well than     D. Not as well than

3. There are two buildings, ________ stands nearly a hundred feet high.

A. the larger

B. the larger of them

C. the larger one that

D. the larger of which

4. — How did you find your visit to Disneyland?

   — I enjoyed it very much. It was ________ than I had expected.

A. far more interested

B. far more interesting

C. so interesting

D. even more interested

参考答案:1. D  2. A  3. D 4. B

 
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