一、be going to + 动词原形
表示打算最近或将来要做某事。当主语是人时,常表示这种打算经过事先考虑甚至做了某种准备。此结构还用来对某种迹象的推测,主语是物。例如:
Are you going to attend the lecture?
It is going to rain.
注意:be going to表将来,不能用于条件从句的主句。例如:
误:If it is fine, we are going to go swimming.
正:If it is fine, we will go swimming.
二、will / shall + 动词原形
1. 表示客观规律的自然发展或趋势。例如:
China will be a powerful country in the future.
2. 表示事先未考虑过,即说话时临时做出的决定或愿望。例如:
I will do it, if you like.
三、be to + 动词原形
表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,或表示吩咐、命令、禁止。例如:
The party is to be held at 6 o'clock this evening.(表示计划、安排)
You are to wait for us here till our arrival.(表示命令或吩咐)
四、be about to + 动词原形
表示说话间立刻就要发生的动作,后面不接时间状语。例如:
We were about to leave but it started to rain.
五、用一般现在时或进行时表示将来
用于此结构的动词有go, come, begin, start, leave, arrive, return等,表示按时刻表经常运行的事。例如:
When does the train leave?
另外,这些动词的进行时也可以表示将来,强调按计划或安排即将发生。 例如:
The plane is taking off at five.
【拾遗练习】 根据上述讲解,完成下列各题。
1. There _________ no class next week.
2. Please get ready. The customer _________ to arrive.
3. Look at the dark clouds!It _________ to rain.
4. The president _________ to visit our company.
5. They _________ leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
6. The buses _________(start) at 7 o'clock in the morning.
7. What would you do if it _________(rain) tomorrow?
参考答案: 1. will be 2. is about 3. is going 4. is 5. are 6. start 7. rains