1. below; under; beneath
below指处于比某物低的位置,不一定在某物的正下方,其反义词是above。例如:
Write your name below the line. 在线下面写上你的名字。
under有时可与below通用,但它指处于某物的正下方,其反义词是over。例如:
The cat was under the table. 猫在桌子下面。
beneath是旧用法或文学用语,现在很少用。例如:
Children are playing beneath the window.孩子们在窗户下面玩游戏。
注: down与以上几个词不同,意为“自……往下”,指自上而下,由高到低,常与表示运动的动词连用,其反义词是up。例如:
He fell down the stairs. 他从楼梯上跌了下来。
2. bring; take; fetch; get; carry
bring意为“带来、拿来、取来”,指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来。例如:
My books are upstairs. Will you bring them down? 我的书在楼上,你可以把它们拿下来吗?
take意为“带去、拿走”,和bring相反,指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带去或拿走。例如:
We'll take the students to the middle school. 我们将带学生到中学去。
fetch意为“去拿或请来”。指从某地到别处去把某人请来、接来或把某物拿来,指从说话者所在地A处到B处,然后从B处再回到A处。例如:
He went to fetch a doctor. 他去请医生了。
get的意思和fetch相同,也表示从某地到别处去把某人请来或把某物拿来。但get比fetch更常用,意思较广泛,特别是在口语中。例如:
Get me some paste. 给我弄点儿浆糊来。
carry表示“带”的意思时,是指随身携带,不表示带到什么地方。例如:
Why do you carry an umbrella on such a fine day? 天气这么好,你带着雨伞干什么?
【巩固练习】选用适当的词填空。
1. below; under; beneath
(1) He stood _________ a tree.
(2) The dog is sitting _________ the table.
(3) The temperature is twenty degrees _________ zero.
(4) He regarded this as something _________ one's notice.
2. bring; take; fetch; get; carry
(5) Next time don't forget to _________ me a copy of your work.
(6) Please _________ these books to the library for me.
(7) Please _________ me the documents in that room.
(8) _________ that box with you, and if it is too heavy for you to _________ it, I'll send Joe to _________ it.
参考答案:(1) under (2) under (3) below (4) beneath (5) bring (6) take (7) fetch / get (8) Bring, carry, fetch / get